What Is a Unified License in Telecom? Everything You Need to Know
- Sanjana Singhania
- Jun 10
- 2 min read
India’s telecom industry has seen significant changes over the past two decades. One of the most transformative policy changes has been the introduction of the Unified License (UL) regime. But what exactly is a Unified License, and why is it important in today’s telecom landscape? This guide breaks down everything you need to know, including how it relates to an ISP license.
What Is a Unified License?
The Unified License is a telecom licensing framework introduced by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) in August 2013. It allows telecom service providers to offer multiple services—such as voice, data, internet, and satellite—under a single license agreement.
Purpose of the Unified License
To simplify licensing procedures
To promote uniformity across telecom services
To support technological convergence
To increase competition and consumer choice
Types of Services Covered Under the Unified License
Under the Unified License regime, the following services can be offered:
1. Access Service
This includes mobile and landline services provided across various telecom circles.
2. Internet Service Provider (ISP)
This is where the ISP license comes into play. Businesses seeking to provide internet services to the public must obtain an ISP license under the Unified License framework.
3. National Long Distance (NLD) and International Long
Distance (ILD)
These licenses allow for long-distance and international call services.
4. Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite (GMPCS)
Satellite-based mobile services also fall under the Unified License.
5. Public Mobile Radio Trunking Service (PMRTS) and Others
Specialized communication services are also covered.
How Does the Unified License Impact ISPs?
Simplified Licensing for ISPs
Before the Unified License regime, companies needed separate licenses for each service. Now, ISPs simply apply for the ISP license under the Unified License umbrella, streamlining compliance and reducing administrative burden.
Categories of ISP Licenses
ISPs under the Unified License are categorized into:
Category A: Nationwide internet services
Category B: State-level services
Category C: District-level services
Each category requires different investment, infrastructure, and compliance levels.
Key Benefits of the Unified License Model
1. Operational Flexibility
Operators can offer a wide range of telecom services with just one license.
2. Cost Efficiency
Reduces the overhead costs of applying and maintaining multiple licenses.
3. Regulatory Simplicity
Standardized rules across services help businesses better plan and scale operations.
4. Encouragement of Investment
By lowering entry barriers, the UL framework attracts foreign and domestic investment in telecom.
How to Apply for a Unified License with ISP Authorization
Step-by-Step Application Process:
Prepare Required Documents: Business plan, company incorporation documents, financial details, etc.
Submit Application to DoT: Through the Saral Sanchar portal
Pay Entry Fees and Bank Guarantees: Depending on the service category
Receive Letter of Intent: Once cleared, sign the license agreement
Start Operations: After infrastructure setup and DoT compliance
Conclusion
The Unified License has revolutionized the way telecom services operate in India by integrating multiple licenses into a single, easy-to-manage framework. Whether you are planning to launch a full-fledged telecom service or a niche ISP license operation, the UL framework provides the structure you need to start and scale efficiently. Understanding this model is crucial for anyone venturing into India’s booming digital and telecom sectors.
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